Development of multiplex PCR to detect and differentiate the categories of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) are considered an important cause of diarrhea in developing countries. The correct identification of these microorganisms depends on their differentiation from non-pathogenic members of the intestinal microbiota. DEC can be classified into one of six categories according to their mechanism of pathogenicity.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two multiplex PCR systems used to detect enteropathogenic (EPEC), enterotoxigenic (ETEC), enteroinvasive (EIEC) and Shiga Toxin-producing (STEC) E. coli were evaluated and described.
RESULTS: Four categories of DEC were detected among isolates of E. coli obtained from individuals infected with HIV. EIEC and EPEC were among the most prevalent pathotypes. Furthermore, two STEC strains that were both stx1-and eae-positive were identified. This is the first report of this kind of isolation in individuals infected with HIV in the State of Pará. Multiplex PCR proved to be an efficient, fast and reproducible technique for detection of DEC isolates. Both multiplex PCR systems described here produced results 100% similar to those obtained from individual PCR reactions.
CONCLUSION: Given their simplicity, cost and efficiency, it is possible to use these protocols to expedite the molecular diagnosis of the distinct categories of DEC. In addition to facilitating the development of new research projects, these findings could support the epidemiological surveillance undertaken by public health agencies and institutes.